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The Bohr–Sommerfeld model (also known as the Sommerfeld model or Bohr–Sommerfeld theory) was an extension of the Bohr model to allow elliptical orbits of electrons around an atomic nucleus. Bohr–Sommerfeld theory is named after Danish physicist Niels Bohr and German physicist Arnold Sommerfeld.
Arnold Sommerfeld (born Dec. 5, 1868, Königsberg, Prussia [now Kaliningrad, Russia]—died April 26, 1951, Munich) was a German physicist whose atomic model permitted the explanation of fine-structure spectral lines.
Nov 16, 2023 · Sommerfeld's atomic model, developed in the early 20th century, expanded on Bohr's model by introducing significant modifications to the description of the structure of atoms. Arnold Sommerfeld incorporated elliptical and asymmetric orbits for electrons, in contrast to Bohr's circular orbits.
In this module Bohr's model as applied to the most common one-electron system, the hydrogen atom, is described ̄rst. The model is ex-tended to other one-electron systems (the hydrogen-like ions) and chemi-cal and spectroscopic evidence in support of the model is introduced.
Sommerfeld innovatively developed Bohr’s theory of the hydrogen atom (and other one-electron atoms) in two important works of 1915–1916, one dealing with a two-quantum extension of the theory and the other with the fine structure of the spectrum caused by the theory of relativity.
In 1927 Sommerfeld applied Fermi–Dirac statistics to the Drude model of electrons in metals – a model put forth by Paul Drude. The new theory solved many of the problems predicting thermal properties the original model had and became known as the Drude–Sommerfeld model .
Dec 16, 2020 · Arnold Sommerfeld extended Niels Bohr’s quantum model of the atom in order to explain the splitting of spectral lines in magnetic (Zeeman effect) and electric fields (Stark effect).
Describe the structure of shells and subshells in multi-electron atoms, and relate them to the observed emission spectra. Explain the Bohr-Sommerfeld model. For an electron in a given subshell, determine the quantum numbers, and explain your answer.
Sommerfeld Model -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Physics. An extension of the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom to include a second quantization condition on elliptical orbits in addition to special relativity.
Dec 5, 2017 · Sommerfeld is perhaps best known for his 1916 relativistic generalization of Bohr’s model of the atom, in which he proposed that electrons move in elliptical orbits as well as circular ones. He also did groundbreaking research on such topics as the fine-structure constant and the effects of electric and magnetic fields on atomic ...
