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In zoonotic diseases, animals act as reservoirs of human disease and transmit the infectious agent to humans through direct or indirect contact. In some cases, the disease also affects the animal, but in other cases the animal is asymptomatic.
Aug 3, 2023 · In typhoid fever, the reservoir of infection may be a case or carrier, but the source of infection may be feces or urine of patients or contaminated food, milk or water. Thus the term “source” refers to the immediate source of infection and may or may not be a part of the reservoir.
In a number of studies, demonstration of natural infection has been considered strong evidence that hosts are reservoirs, e.g., Leishmania in small mammals in Iran ( 30) and hantavirus in rodents in the Americas ( 31 ). Seropositivity indicates that infection has occurred.
Reservoir. The reservoir of an infectious agent is the habitat in which the agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies. Reservoirs include humans, animals, and the environment. The reservoir may or may not be the source from which an agent is transferred to a host.
A natural reservoir refers to the long-term host of the pathogen of an infectious disease. It is often the case that hosts do not get the disease carried by the pathogen or it is carried as a subclinical infection and so remains asymptomatic and non-lethal.
Apr 19, 2012 · Therefore, we define a reservoir as one or more epidemiologically connected populations or environments in which the pathogen can be permanently maintained and from which infection is transmitted to the defined target population.
Jan 1, 2003 · A reservoir is defined as one or more epidemiologically connected populations of host species in which the pathogen can be permanently maintained and from which infection is transmitted [125].
Oct 24, 2016 · An infectious disease can be defined as an illness due to a pathogen or its toxic product, which arises through transmission from an infected person, an infected animal, or a contaminated inanimate object to a susceptible host.
Apr 11, 2014 · We review the problem of identifying reservoirs of infection for multihost pathogens and provide an overview of current approaches and future directions. We provide a conceptual framework for classifying patterns of incidence and prevalence.
Managing reservoirs of multihost pathogens often plays a crucial role in effective disease control. However, reservoirs remain variously and loosely defined. We propose that reservoirs can only be understood with reference to defined target populations.
