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Encounter Hypothesis: One of the earliest theories for the formation of the planets was called the encounter hypothesis. In this scenario, a rogue star passes close to the Sun about 5 billion years ago. Material, in the form of hot gas, is tidally stripped from the Sun and the rogue star.
The Encounter Hypothesis (Buffon 1745) Scenario: 1. A “near miss” encounter occurs between the Sun and a passing star. 2. Material is pulled from the stellar surfaces by tidal forces. 3. Material cools and condenses to form planetary bodies. Principal Shortcoming: This Requires a highly unlikely event
The nebular hypothesis is the idea that a spinning cloud of dust made of mostly light elements, called a nebula, flattened into a protoplanetary disk, and became a solar system consisting of a star with orbiting planets [ 12 ].
The Encounter Theories of the Origin of the Solar System was published in A Source Book in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 1900–1975 on page 182.
The first recorded use of the term " Solar System " dates from 1704. [1] [2] Since the seventeenth century, philosophers and scientists have been forming hypotheses concerning the origins of our Solar System and the Moon and attempting to predict how the Solar System would change in the future.
Learning Objectives. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Explain how the rate of expansion of the universe affects its evolution. Describe four possibilities for the evolution of the universe. Explain what is expanding when we say that the universe is expanding.
Overall, the universe is mostly hydrogen and helium, however, the terrestrial planets, including the Earth, are mostly made of heavier elements. Where did those heavier elements come from? Massive stars can fuse hydrogen and helium in heavier elements such as oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, silicon, etc.
