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In the fall of 1879 Tibbles featured Standing Bear on a highly successful Indian reform tour that included Chicago, Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and Washington. In Boston, Standing Bear's eloquence so impressed Massachusetts senator Henry L. Dawes that he plunged into the Indian reform movement.
- Townley, Arthur C
TOWNLEY, ARTHUR C. (1880-1959) Arthur C. Townley, founder of...
- Poncas
They were arrested, and a trial ensued in federal district...
- Standing Bear
Standing Bear died in 1908 and was buried alongside his...
- United Farmers of Alberta
UNITED FARMERS OF AMERICA. The United Farmers of Alberta...
- Protest and Dissent
Trial of Standing Bear; Tulsa Race Riot SeeAfrican...
- Townley, Arthur C
Ponca chief Standing Bear (c. 1829–1908) is best remembered as the first Indian to win a civil rights victory in U.S. federal court. In 1877 the Ponca were removed from their homelands in Nebraska to Indian Territory (present-day Oklahoma).
Standing Bear learned the ways of the men, how to hunt and fish, and prepared to take his place in the tribe. In 1859, when Standing Bear was a young man, the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 had encouraged a flood of European-American settlers, and the United States government pressured the Nebraska tribes to sell their land.
Nov 21, 2019 · The Secretary of the Interior, Carl Schurz ordered General George Crook of the U.S. Army to arrest and return Chief Standing Bear and his party to Indian Territory. After Crook caught up with Standing Bear and his people, Crook imprisoned them in Fort Omaha Barracks.
The Trial. Standing Bear, circa 1877. Courtesy History Nebraska, RG2608-1265. While Crook watched over the Ponca at Fort Omaha, Tibbles worked feverishly to tell Standing Bear’s story and enlist support for the Ponca cause.
After a short trial, Judge Elmer Dundy issued a ruling that surprised many observers and caused comment across the country. The judge found that "an Indian is a person within the meaning of the law" and that Standing Bear was being held illegally.
Under Crook’s orders, Lieutenant Carpenter and four of his men arrested Standing Bear and his followers and escorted them to Fort Omaha, where they were to be held prior to returning to Indian Territory. Standing Bear and other members of the tribe were placed in detainment at Fort Omaha on March 27, 1879.
