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Mar 5, 2021 · When the Arctic polar vortex is especially strong and stable (left globe), it encourages the polar jet stream, down in the troposphere, to shift northward. The coldest polar air stays in the Arctic.
The meandering causes the large mass of cold air situated at high altitudes over the Arctic to wobble, and, like a toupee that goes askew, cold polar air can slip southward to affect locations in the United States, Europe, and Asia.
In some places, Arctic air is as dry as air in the Sahara Desert and very little precipitation can fall. The amount of water vapor tends to be higher over the oceans and in coastal areas and in summer, when water vapor evaporates from the relatively warm ocean surfaces.
Jun 5, 2023 · For example, in winter, an arctic air mass (very cold and dry air) can move over the ocean, picking up some warmth and moisture from the warmer ocean and becoming a maritime polar air mass (mP) – one that is still fairly cold but contains moisture.
Dec 31, 2022 · But people in California were largely unaffected by the extreme weather. They can thank the Rocky Mountains, which effectively blocked the cold Arctic air from reaching them.
Jan 9, 2024 · A massive wave of arctic air will cause temperatures across a large part of the country to plummet, some to dangerous lows.
Mar 16, 2007 · Air pollutants are transported to the Arctic, primarily from Eurasia, leading to high concentrations in winter and spring (Arctic haze). Local ship emissions and summertime boreal forest fires may also be important pollution sources.
