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  1. Baruch ( de) Spinoza [b] (24 November 1632 – 21 February 1677), also known under his Latinized pen name Benedictus de Spinoza, was a philosopher of Portuguese-Jewish origin. As a forerunner of the Age of Enlightenment, Spinoza significantly influenced modern biblical criticism, 17th-century rationalism, and Dutch intellectual ...

  2. Jun 29, 2001 · Bento (in Hebrew, Baruch; in Latin, Benedictus) Spinoza is one of the most important philosophers—and certainly the most radical—of the early modern period. His thought combines a commitment to a number of Cartesian metaphysical and epistemological principles with elements from ancient Stoicism, Hobbes, and medieval Jewish ...

  3. Jan 29, 2024 · Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) was a Dutch philosopher who combined rationalism and metaphysics to create a unique system of thought.

  4. Spinoza: Free Will and Freedom. Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) was a Dutch Jewish rationalist philosopher who is most famous for his Ethics and Theological-Political Treatise.

  5. Feb 5, 2024 · Baruch Spinoza and the Art of Thinking in Dangerous Times. The philosopher was a champion of political and intellectual freedom, but he had no interest in being a martyr. Instead, he shows us how...

  6. www.encyclopedia.com › philosophy-biographies › baruch-spinozaBaruch Spinoza | Encyclopedia.com

    May 23, 2018 · SPINOZA, BARUCH (1632 – 1677; known as Bento in Portuguese, Benedictus in Latin) was a Jewish rational naturalist of Marrano descent and the author of a rigorously monistic interpretation of reality expressed through an interlocking chain of propositions demonstrated in the geometrical manner.

  7. Apr 21, 2008 · Spinoza’s Political Philosophy. First published Mon Apr 21, 2008; substantive revision Mon Apr 15, 2019. At least in anglophone countries, Spinoza’s reputation as a political thinker is eclipsed by his reputation as a rationalist metaphysician. Nevertheless, Spinoza was a penetrating political theorist whose writings have enduring significance.

  8. Benedict de Spinoza: Metaphysics. Baruch (or, in Latin, Benedict) de Spinoza (1632-1677) was one of the most important rationalist philosophers in the early modern period, along with Descartes, Leibniz, and Malebranche. Spinoza is also the most influential “atheist” in Europe during this period.

  9. Baruch Spinoza. ( 1632-1677) Baruch Spinoza was born to Portuguese Jews living in exile in Holland, but his life among the Marranos there was often unsettled. Despite an early rabbinical education, he was expelled from the synagogue at Amsterdam for defending heretical opinions in 1656.

  10. Born in 1632 in Amsterdam to a modest Jewish family, Baruch Spinoza became one of the key figures of the seventeenth-century Dutch and European Enlightenment. As a young man, he was considered an outstanding student of the Talmud and a promising religious scholar.

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