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Mu'awiya I (Arabic: معاوية بن أبي سفيان, romanized: Muʿāwiya ibn Abī Sufyān; c. 597, 603 or 605 –April 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 661 until his death.
Muʿāwiyah I (born c. 602, Mecca, Arabia—died April/May 680, Damascus) was an early Islamic leader and founder of the great Umayyad dynasty of caliphs. He fought against the fourth caliph, ʿAlī (Muhammad’s son-in-law), seized Egypt, and assumed the caliphate after ʿAlī’s assassination.
Muʿāwiyah I, (born c. 602, Mecca, Arabian Peninsula—died April/May 680, Damascus, Syria), First caliph (661–680) of the Umayyad dynasty. Born into a clan that initially rejected Muhammad ’s preaching, he accepted Islam only after Muhammad had conquered Mecca.
Jun 27, 2024 · Umayyad dynasty, the first great Muslim dynasty to rule the empire of the caliphate (661–750). Prior to the advent of Islam, the Umayyads were a largely merchant family of the Quraysh tribe centered at Mecca. Muawiyah ibn Abu Sufyan was the first Umayyad caliph, ruling from 661 to 680.
The founder of the Umayyad Caliphate, Mu'awiya I, had originally been governor of the junds (military districts) of Damascus ( Dimashq) and Jordan ( al-Urdunn) in 639 before gaining authority over the rest of Syria's junds during the caliphate of Uthman (644–656), a member of the Umayyad family.
Muawiyah I (معاوية بن أبي سفيان, romanized: Muʿāwiya ibn Abī Sufyān; 602 – 26 April 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad caliphate, and was the second caliph from the Umayyad clan, the first being Uthman ibn Affan.
Emir Muawiya was the first soldier-king in Islamic history. With him, the Islamic body politic came under the sway of dynastic rule. The pattern established by him persisted until the 18 th century when the merchants of Europe supplanted the Muslim soldier-kings of Asia and Africa.
