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The first phase from 1618 until 1635 was primarily a civil war between German members of the Holy Roman Empire, with support from external powers. After 1635, the empire became one theatre in a wider struggle between France, supported by Sweden, and Emperor Ferdinand III, allied with Spain.
Jun 18, 2024 · Thirty Years’ War (1618–48), in European history, a series of wars fought by various nations for various reasons, including religious, dynastic, territorial, and commercial rivalries. Its destructive campaigns and battles occurred over most of Europe, and, when it ended, the map of Europe had been irrevocably changed.
Nov 9, 2009 · The Thirty Years’ War was a 17th-century religious conflict fought primarily in central Europe. It remains one of the longest and most brutal wars in human history, with more than...
Aug 11, 2022 · The Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648) was the last major European conflict informed by religious divisions and one of the most devastating in European history resulting in a death toll of approximately 8 million. Beginning as a local conflict in Bohemia, it eventually involved all of Europe, influencing the development of the modern era.
History of Europe - Thirty Years War, Religious Conflict, Peace of Westphalia: The war originated with dual crises at the continent’s centre: one in the Rhineland and the other in Bohemia, both part of the Holy Roman Empire.
May 8, 2018 · Thirty Years' War (1618–48) Conflict fought mainly in Germany, arising out of religious differences and developing into a struggle for power in Europe. It began with a Protestant revolt in Bohemia against the Habsburg Emperor, Ferdinand II .
Jun 29, 2011 · The Thirty Years War: The Holy Roman Empire and Europe, 1618–1648. Basingstoke, UK: Macmillan, 1997. A nuanced and balanced account of the Thirty Years War that stresses policies, events, and developments in central Europe and especially within the Holy Roman Empire.
The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history, lasting from 1618 to 1648. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldier
The Thirty Years’ War was a series of wars fought by various nations for various reasons, including religious, dynastic, territorial, and commercial rivalries. Its destructive campaigns and battles occurred over most of Europe, and, when it ended with the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, the map of Europe had been irrevocably changed.
Jan 12, 2021 · The Thirty Years War: The Holy Roman Empire and Europe, 1618–1648. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1997. Presents the Thirty Years War as both a constitutional conflict within the Holy Roman Empire and a religious conflict.
